At FemTech 360, we are experts in private, conservative, and laparoscopic treatment of ectopic pregnancy. An ectopic pregnancy is a complication where the pregnancy implants outside the uterine cavity. While most ectopic pregnancies occur in the Fallopian tube, around 5-7% implant within the wall of the womb or other locations.
Causes:
Ectopic pregnancy may result from conditions that delay the passage of the fertilized egg down the fallopian tube. Common risk factors include increasing maternal age, tubal damage from surgery or infection (especially Chlamydia), and in-vitro fertilization (IVF). Contraception can reduce the risk, but if pregnancy occurs after female sterilization or intrauterine contraception, the chance of ectopic pregnancy increases.
Symptoms:
Ectopic pregnancy symptoms typically appear between 5 to 12 weeks after the last normal menstrual period and may include:
– Symptoms of pregnancy like nausea, breast tenderness, and urinary frequency.
– Lower abdominal pain, particularly on one side, though it may not be present in about 10% of cases.
– Abdominal bloating.
– Vaginal bleeding, which may range from brown discharge to heavy bleeding.
– Feeling faint and dizzy due to internal bleeding.
– Shoulder tip pain due to irritation caused by blood under the diaphragm.
Diagnosis:
Ectopic pregnancy is diagnosed using a combination of ultrasound, serum β-hCG, and Progesterone measurement. Ultrasound helps locate the pregnancy. If pregnancy is not visible in the womb, it indicates either an ectopic pregnancy or a pregnancy of unknown location (PUL). The β-hCG and Progesterone levels are then evaluated to make a definitive diagnosis.
Treatment:
Treatment options depend on the individual circumstances and investigation results:
- Medical Treatment: Involves observation with or without the use of Methotrexate. It is suitable for small pregnancies with low β-hCG levels (>3000IU/ml) and minimal intra-abdominal bleeding.
- Surgical Treatment: Keyhole surgery (operative laparoscopy) is preferred for most cases. It aims to locate and remove the ectopic pregnancy with minimal damage to the fallopian tubes and scarring. Keyhole surgery offers advantages such as shorter operating time, hospital stay, and convalescence, as well as less blood loss.
- Counselling: Parents facing an ectopic pregnancy should receive counselling to cope with both the loss of pregnancy and the possibility of surgery and reduced fertility.
Fertility After Ectopic Pregnancy:
Fertility rates vary based on whether the affected fallopian tube is removed or conserved. Spontaneous intrauterine pregnancy rates range from 38-66% when the tube is removed and up to 79% when conserved. However, the rate of another ectopic is higher (up to 18%) when the tube is conserved. Medical management with Methotrexate does not significantly impact future pregnancy rates or the risk of another ectopic.
Psychological Support:
Ectopic pregnancies are life-threatening, and the diagnosis and treatment process can be distressing. Providing patients with high-quality information and compassionate care is essential. The Ectopic Pregnancy Trust is an excellent resource for additional support.
Experience the Power of FemTech 360
We prioritize the prompt diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, offering same-day appointments and on-site blood tests and ultrasound scans. Our state-of-the-art operating theaters at our hospital in Bangalore to ensure top-quality laparoscopic surgery.
If you suspect an ectopic pregnancy, contact your doctor or reach out to us via email or phone. We are here to provide expert care and support throughout the process.
